Publicacións

@article{pasandin_laboratory_2024,

title = {Laboratory and field performances of grave emulsion manufactured using nanocellulose crystals as an asphalt-emulsion emulsifier},

author = {Ana M. Rodríguez-Pasandín and Ignacio Pérez-Pérez and F. J. Prego and A. Miguens},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2023.2216305},

doi = {10.1080/14680629.2023.2216305},

issn = {1468-0629},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-03-01},

urldate = {2026-08-13},

journal = {Road Materials and Pavement Design},

volume = {25},

number = {3},

pages = {492–510},

publisher = {Taylor & Francis},

abstract = {This research examines the feasibility of substituting commercial emulsifiers made by the chemical and petrochemical industries with nanocellulose. To achieve this, various bitumen emulsions are created using nanocellulose fibers and crystals as emulsifying agents. A grave-emulsion type GE-1 manufactured using bitumen emulsion produced with nanocellulose is studied. A control GE-1 is also tested. Modified proctor tests are employed to obtain the optimal fluid content; the optimum bitumen emulsion content is determined using an immersion-compression test. The compactability of GE-1 is analysed using a gyratory compactor. Finally, the moisture damage resistance (tensile strength ratio), stiffness (resilient modulus), and permanent deformation (repeated load axial test) are studied. A trial section constructed on a real scale. The cores are collected after one year and the stiffness is analysed. The results indicate that conventional emulsifying agents can be partially replaced with nanocellulose crystals in the manufacture of cationic slow-setting bituminous emulsions for grave emulsions.},

keywords = {Bitumen emulsion, emulsifier, Grave emulsion, Nanocellulose crystals, nanocellulose fibres, trial section},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{orosa_evaluation_2023,

title = {Evaluation of water loss and stiffness increase in cold recycled mixes during curing},

author = {Pablo Orosa-Iglesias and Ignacio Pérez-Pérez and Ana M. Rodríguez-Pasandín},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214509523000566},

doi = {10.1016/j.cscm.2023.e01877},

issn = {2214-5095},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-07-01},

urldate = {2026-08-13},

journal = {Case Studies in Construction Materials},

volume = {18},

pages = {e01877},

abstract = {Implementing cold solutions is one of the primary efforts in the road sector to counteract CO2 emissions and climate change. Using cold recycled mixtures (CRM) permits the reuse of up to 100% of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). This research examines how CRM develop their resilient response during the curing process. Using cyclic loading dynamic triaxial (DTx) testing, resilient moduli of CRM made with various proportions of bitumen emulsion were determined. Curing times from 0 days to 18 months were assessed. Binder content and water loss speed proved to be fundamental factors in the evolution of the resilient moduli of the CRM studied. CRM with a binder content of 2.50% exhibited the best short-term response, while those with a binder content of 3.00% showed greater stiffness values over more extended curing. Once water losses stopped, the CRM continued showing changes in stiffness, proving their evolutionary response.},

keywords = {Bitumen emulsion, Cold recycled mixtures (CRM), Curing, Nonlinear elastic behavior, Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), Triaxial testing},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{orosa_stresstemperature_2023,

title = {A stress–temperature superposition approach to study the nonlinear resilient behavior of cold recycled mixtures (CRM) with active filler addition},

author = {Pablo Orosa-Iglesias and Ignacio Pérez-Pérez and Ana M. Rodríguez-Pasandín and John E. Haddock},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950061823011522},

doi = {10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.131439},

issn = {0950-0618},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-06-01},

urldate = {2026-08-13},

journal = {Construction and Building Materials},

volume = {384},

pages = {131439},

abstract = {The asphalt paving sector is currently embracing and enhancing cold mixture technologies to reduce carbon emissions and decarbonize its operations. Cold recycled mixtures (CRM) have proven to be a promising alternative in road construction and rehabilitation, becoming a primary research focus. This study evaluates the effects on compactability and volumetric properties of adding 1% Portland cement or 1% hydrated lime to CRM made with 100% reclaimed asphalt pavement and bitumen emulsion. Dynamic triaxial tests with different confinement pressures (ranging from 20 to 200 kPa) and temperatures (5, 15, 25, and 35 °C) were used to determine the influence of these active filler additions on the resilient modulus (Mr) of the mixtures. All the mixtures exhibited increased Mr values at lower temperatures and reduced stress–dependency. Cement addition had the most favorable effect on compactability, reducing the necessary compaction energy, while mixtures with hydrated lime had more substantial increases in Mr and reduced stress dependencies. Finally, the results were analyzed by plotting master curves using a proposed novel approach called Stress–Temperature Superposition Principle (STSP), which allows for simpler and more straightforward analyses.},

keywords = {Active filler, Bitumen emulsion, Cold recycling mix, Reclaimed asphalt pavement, resilient modulus, Triaxial testing},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{orosa_compactability_2022,

title = {Compactability and mechanical properties of cold recycled mixes prepared with different nominal maximum sizes of RAP},

author = {Pablo Orosa-Iglesias and G. Orozco and J. C. Carret and A. Carter and Ignacio Pérez-Pérez and Ana M. Rodríguez-Pasandín},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950061822013642},

doi = {10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.127689},

issn = {0950-0618},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-07-01},

urldate = {2026-08-11},

journal = {Construction and Building Materials},

volume = {339},

pages = {127689},

abstract = {The use of cold recycled asphalt mixtures (CRM) has been soaring during recent years. Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) is the main component of CRM, and despite the numerous studies on CRM, the impact of different RAP types has not been deeply studied. This study compares the volumetric and several mechanical properties of CRM prepared with RAP from two different sources and with various nominal maximum sizes (NMS). The mix design was fixed, and specimens were prepared using gyratory and impact compactors. Densities were measured before and after accelerated curing. Stiffness of CRM was investigated with Indirect Tensile Stiffness Modulus, tension–compression, and dynamic tests. Additionally, the cracking behavior was evaluated with Indirect Tensile Strength and Semi-Circular Bending tests. The particle size distribution was a key factor in the compactability of the CRMs studied. Together with temperature, the most influential factor on the studied mechanical properties was the air void content, while the differences in NMS showed no clear trends.},

keywords = {Bitumen emulsion, Cold recycling, Complex Modulus, Gradation, Gyratory compactor, Impact compactor, Indirect Tensile Stiffness Modulus (ITSM), Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS), RAP, Semi-Circular Bending test (SCB)},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{orosa_numerical_2022,

title = {Numerical simulation of the stiffness evolution with curing of pavement sections rehabilitated using cold in-place recycling technology},

author = {Pablo Orosa-Iglesias and Luis Medina-Rodríguez and Jesús Fernández-Ruíz and Ignacio Pérez-Pérez and Ana M. Rodríguez-Pasandín},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950061822011643},

doi = {10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.127487},

issn = {0950-0618},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-06-01},

urldate = {2026-08-10},

journal = {Construction and Building Materials},

volume = {335},

pages = {127487},

abstract = {Cold in-place recycling (CIR) technologies are becoming one of the main bets in the road sector to promote the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. This technique also contributes to the circular economy, reusing 100% of the RAP from worn roads. In this research, numerical simulations of CIR sections are presented. The nonlinear behaviour of the CIR-base material is modelled using three predictive models based on triaxial test results. Variations in the performance depending on the type of subbase, the curing of the CIR-base material and its thickness, and the effect of the wearing-course were analysed. The response of the sections with unbound granular subbase proved to be very sensitive to variations in the parameters studied, and the increase in CIR base thickness was beneficial, while the opposite occurred with a cement-treated subbase.},

keywords = {3D numerical model, Bitumen emulsion, Bitumen stabilised material (BSM), Cold in-place recycling (CIR), Nonlinear elastic behaviour, Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), Rutting, Triaxial testing},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{orosa_evaluation_2022,

title = {Evaluation of the shear and permanent deformation properties of cold in-place recycled mixtures with bitumen emulsion using triaxial tests},

author = {Pablo Orosa-Iglesias and Ignacio Pérez-Pérez and Ana M. Rodríguez-Pasandín},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950061822007371},

doi = {10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.127054},

issn = {0950-0618},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-04-01},

urldate = {2026-08-11},

journal = {Construction and Building Materials},

volume = {328},

pages = {127054},

abstract = {The cold in-place recycling (CIR) technique is a road rehabilitation method suitable for a circular economy. Triaxial tests have proven to be suitable for studying the mechanical behaviour of cold mixtures. In this study, CIR specimens were prepared using a gyratory compactor with different proportions of bitumen emulsion. The Mohr–Coulomb diagrams and shear parameters were obtained by conducting monotonic triaxial tests at different confining pressures. The binder content provided adequate cohesion; however, an excess of binder reduced internal friction. Subsequently, repeated load permanent deformation triaxial tests were performed. Accordingly, critical stress ratios between 20% and 30% were obtained, and the mix with a 2.50% binder exhibited the best response. Lastly, two permanent deformation prediction models were fitted to the measured results. For high deformations, the Paute model underestimated the deformations, whereas the Huurman model demonstrated the best fit.},

keywords = {Bitumen emulsion, Bitumen stabilized material, Cold in-place recycling, Gyratory compactor, permanent deformation, Prediction model, Reclaimed asphalt pavement, Rutting, Shear properties, Triaxial testing},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{orosa_short-term_2022,

title = {Short-term resilient behaviour and its evolution with curing in cold in-place recycled asphalt mixtures},

author = {Pablo Orosa-Iglesias and Ignacio Pérez-Pérez and Ana M. Rodríguez-Pasandín},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950061822002513},

doi = {10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.126559},

issn = {0950-0618},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-03-01},

urldate = {2026-08-11},

journal = {Construction and Building Materials},

volume = {323},

pages = {126559},

abstract = {This study evaluates the short-term resilient behaviour of cold in-place recycled (CIR) asphalt mixtures with bitumen emulsion when they are more similar to non-cohesive granular materials than to conventional hot mixtures. Gyratory compacted CIR specimens were manufactured using different proportions of bituminous emulsion and water, and dynamic triaxial tests were conducted at different curing times. The resilient moduli were obtained experimentally and fitted using three numerical models. Characteristic nonlinear elastic behaviour and an increase in stiffness with curing time were observed. Water loss during curing and stiffness increase were found to be related. Mixtures with 2.50% residual bitumen and 2.75% added water showed the best short-term stiffness evolution.},

keywords = {Asphalt mixture, Bitumen emulsion, Cold in-place recycling (CIR), Gyratory compactor, Nonlinear elastic behaviour, Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), Resilient behaviour, resilient modulus, Triaxial testing},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{orosa_compaction_2021,

title = {Compaction and volumetric analysis of cold in-place recycled asphalt mixtures prepared using gyratory, static, and impact procedures},

author = {Pablo Orosa-Iglesias and Ana M. Rodríguez-Pasandín and Ignacio Pérez-Pérez},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950061821013805},

doi = {10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.123620},

issn = {0950-0618},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-08-01},

urldate = {2026-08-06},

journal = {Construction and Building Materials},

volume = {296},

pages = {123620},

abstract = {Compaction is one of the most important factors to be considered while manufacturing laboratory samples of cold in-place recycled (CIR) mixtures. In this study, the effect of three laboratory compaction procedures (static, gyratory, and impact) on the volumetric performance of CIR mixtures was investigated. CIR specimens were manufactured with the same proportion of added water and bitumen emulsion, and using several levels of compaction, varying the number of gyrations and blows. The volumetric properties were evaluated by different procedures, both before and after curing. A comparison between the laboratory results of the different tests, the design target values, and actual in-field values was performed. It was observed that gyratory compaction proved to be the most versatile and one that best represented the real compaction. The bulk density procedure by dimensions was useful for laboratory design; however, it overestimated the sizes of the air void content by more than 10% compared to the field values.},

keywords = {Asphalt mixture, Bitumen emulsion, Bulk density, Cold in-place recycling/recycled (CIR), Compaction, Gyratory compactor, Impact compaction, Marshall hammer, Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), Static compaction, Volumetric properties},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{orosa_assessment_2020,

title = {Assessment of two laboratory design methods for CIR mixtures with bitumen emulsion based on static and gyratory compaction},

author = {Pablo Orosa-Iglesias and Ana M. Rodríguez-Pasandín and Ignacio Pérez-Pérez},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950061820326726},

doi = {10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120667},

issn = {0950-0618},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-12-01},

urldate = {2026-08-06},

journal = {Construction and Building Materials},

volume = {265},

pages = {120667},

abstract = {To expand the body of knowledge regarding cold in-place recycled mixtures, this study presents two different laboratory design methods. The main differences between the methods are the compaction procedures (static and gyratory) and the required strength tests (unconfined compressive strength and indirect tensile strength). Specimens were manufactured using both methods, with different contents of bitumen emulsion and added water. The effects of adding Portland cement and increasing the compaction energy were also investigated. The compliance with strength criteria was reviewed, and the optimal bitumen emulsion and water contents were identified. The requirements of the specification based on gyratory compaction proved to be excessively high. A reduction of the values is suggested, and further research is encouraged to allow new benchmarks to be set.},

keywords = {Asphalt mixture, Bitumen emulsion, Cold in-place recycling (CIR), Gyratory compactor, Mix design method, Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP)},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{perez_numerical_2020,

title = {Numerical simulation of bitumen emulsion-stabilised base course mixtures with C&D waste aggregates considering nonlinear elastic behaviour},

author = {Ignacio Pérez-Pérez and Luis Medina-Rodríguez and Breixo Gómez-Meijide and Pedro Alves Costa and Antonio Silva Cardoso},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950061820307017},

doi = {10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.118696},

issn = {0950-0618},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-07-01},

urldate = {2026-08-06},

journal = {Construction and Building Materials},

volume = {249},

pages = {118696},

abstract = {This study presents the numerical modelling of a load-volume road pavement section with bitumen emulsion-stabilised base courses. The base courses used natural and construction and demolition aggregates. A 3D finite difference model was used to determine the peak responses of the pavement sections when subjected to loads. Three nonlinear models were adopted in the two base courses. The response predictions of the three models were similar. Both the resilient and permanent behaviours of these materials were modelled. An analysis was conducted on the rutting resistance of the base course materials. Both base courses were suitable for use in low-volume roads. The base course made with construction and demolition aggregates was more resistant to rutting.},

keywords = {Bitumen emulsion, C&D waste aggregates, FLAC3D, Rutting, Stabilised base course},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}