Papers

@article{orosa_compactability_2022,

title = {Compactability and mechanical properties of cold recycled mixes prepared with different nominal maximum sizes of RAP},

author = {Pablo Orosa-Iglesias and G. Orozco and J. C. Carret and A. Carter and Ignacio Pérez-Pérez and Ana M. Rodríguez-Pasandín},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950061822013642},

doi = {10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.127689},

issn = {0950-0618},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-07-01},

urldate = {2026-08-11},

journal = {Construction and Building Materials},

volume = {339},

pages = {127689},

abstract = {The use of cold recycled asphalt mixtures (CRM) has been soaring during recent years. Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) is the main component of CRM, and despite the numerous studies on CRM, the impact of different RAP types has not been deeply studied. This study compares the volumetric and several mechanical properties of CRM prepared with RAP from two different sources and with various nominal maximum sizes (NMS). The mix design was fixed, and specimens were prepared using gyratory and impact compactors. Densities were measured before and after accelerated curing. Stiffness of CRM was investigated with Indirect Tensile Stiffness Modulus, tension–compression, and dynamic tests. Additionally, the cracking behavior was evaluated with Indirect Tensile Strength and Semi-Circular Bending tests. The particle size distribution was a key factor in the compactability of the CRMs studied. Together with temperature, the most influential factor on the studied mechanical properties was the air void content, while the differences in NMS showed no clear trends.},

keywords = {Bitumen emulsion, Cold recycling, Complex Modulus, Gradation, Gyratory compactor, Impact compactor, Indirect Tensile Stiffness Modulus (ITSM), Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS), RAP, Semi-Circular Bending test (SCB)},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{orosa_evaluation_2022,

title = {Evaluation of the shear and permanent deformation properties of cold in-place recycled mixtures with bitumen emulsion using triaxial tests},

author = {Pablo Orosa-Iglesias and Ignacio Pérez-Pérez and Ana M. Rodríguez-Pasandín},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950061822007371},

doi = {10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.127054},

issn = {0950-0618},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-04-01},

urldate = {2026-08-11},

journal = {Construction and Building Materials},

volume = {328},

pages = {127054},

abstract = {The cold in-place recycling (CIR) technique is a road rehabilitation method suitable for a circular economy. Triaxial tests have proven to be suitable for studying the mechanical behaviour of cold mixtures. In this study, CIR specimens were prepared using a gyratory compactor with different proportions of bitumen emulsion. The Mohr–Coulomb diagrams and shear parameters were obtained by conducting monotonic triaxial tests at different confining pressures. The binder content provided adequate cohesion; however, an excess of binder reduced internal friction. Subsequently, repeated load permanent deformation triaxial tests were performed. Accordingly, critical stress ratios between 20% and 30% were obtained, and the mix with a 2.50% binder exhibited the best response. Lastly, two permanent deformation prediction models were fitted to the measured results. For high deformations, the Paute model underestimated the deformations, whereas the Huurman model demonstrated the best fit.},

keywords = {Bitumen emulsion, Bitumen stabilized material, Cold in-place recycling, Gyratory compactor, permanent deformation, Prediction model, Reclaimed asphalt pavement, Rutting, Shear properties, Triaxial testing},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{orosa_short-term_2022,

title = {Short-term resilient behaviour and its evolution with curing in cold in-place recycled asphalt mixtures},

author = {Pablo Orosa-Iglesias and Ignacio Pérez-Pérez and Ana M. Rodríguez-Pasandín},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950061822002513},

doi = {10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.126559},

issn = {0950-0618},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-03-01},

urldate = {2026-08-11},

journal = {Construction and Building Materials},

volume = {323},

pages = {126559},

abstract = {This study evaluates the short-term resilient behaviour of cold in-place recycled (CIR) asphalt mixtures with bitumen emulsion when they are more similar to non-cohesive granular materials than to conventional hot mixtures. Gyratory compacted CIR specimens were manufactured using different proportions of bituminous emulsion and water, and dynamic triaxial tests were conducted at different curing times. The resilient moduli were obtained experimentally and fitted using three numerical models. Characteristic nonlinear elastic behaviour and an increase in stiffness with curing time were observed. Water loss during curing and stiffness increase were found to be related. Mixtures with 2.50% residual bitumen and 2.75% added water showed the best short-term stiffness evolution.},

keywords = {Asphalt mixture, Bitumen emulsion, Cold in-place recycling (CIR), Gyratory compactor, Nonlinear elastic behaviour, Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), Resilient behaviour, resilient modulus, Triaxial testing},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{orosa_compaction_2021,

title = {Compaction and volumetric analysis of cold in-place recycled asphalt mixtures prepared using gyratory, static, and impact procedures},

author = {Pablo Orosa-Iglesias and Ana M. Rodríguez-Pasandín and Ignacio Pérez-Pérez},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950061821013805},

doi = {10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.123620},

issn = {0950-0618},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-08-01},

urldate = {2026-08-06},

journal = {Construction and Building Materials},

volume = {296},

pages = {123620},

abstract = {Compaction is one of the most important factors to be considered while manufacturing laboratory samples of cold in-place recycled (CIR) mixtures. In this study, the effect of three laboratory compaction procedures (static, gyratory, and impact) on the volumetric performance of CIR mixtures was investigated. CIR specimens were manufactured with the same proportion of added water and bitumen emulsion, and using several levels of compaction, varying the number of gyrations and blows. The volumetric properties were evaluated by different procedures, both before and after curing. A comparison between the laboratory results of the different tests, the design target values, and actual in-field values was performed. It was observed that gyratory compaction proved to be the most versatile and one that best represented the real compaction. The bulk density procedure by dimensions was useful for laboratory design; however, it overestimated the sizes of the air void content by more than 10% compared to the field values.},

keywords = {Asphalt mixture, Bitumen emulsion, Bulk density, Cold in-place recycling/recycled (CIR), Compaction, Gyratory compactor, Impact compaction, Marshall hammer, Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), Static compaction, Volumetric properties},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{orosa_assessment_2020,

title = {Assessment of two laboratory design methods for CIR mixtures with bitumen emulsion based on static and gyratory compaction},

author = {Pablo Orosa-Iglesias and Ana M. Rodríguez-Pasandín and Ignacio Pérez-Pérez},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950061820326726},

doi = {10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120667},

issn = {0950-0618},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-12-01},

urldate = {2026-08-06},

journal = {Construction and Building Materials},

volume = {265},

pages = {120667},

abstract = {To expand the body of knowledge regarding cold in-place recycled mixtures, this study presents two different laboratory design methods. The main differences between the methods are the compaction procedures (static and gyratory) and the required strength tests (unconfined compressive strength and indirect tensile strength). Specimens were manufactured using both methods, with different contents of bitumen emulsion and added water. The effects of adding Portland cement and increasing the compaction energy were also investigated. The compliance with strength criteria was reviewed, and the optimal bitumen emulsion and water contents were identified. The requirements of the specification based on gyratory compaction proved to be excessively high. A reduction of the values is suggested, and further research is encouraged to allow new benchmarks to be set.},

keywords = {Asphalt mixture, Bitumen emulsion, Cold in-place recycling (CIR), Gyratory compactor, Mix design method, Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP)},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}